![]() ![]() ![]() The most important facial bones include the jaw or mandible, the upper jaw or maxilla, the zygomatic or cheek bone, and the nasal bone. Together the 22 bones that compose the skull form additional, smaller spaces besides the cranial vault, such as the cavities for the eyes, the internal ear, the nose, and the mouth. In addition there are 14 facial bones which form the lower front part of the skull. The cranium is formed from eight plate-shaped bones which fit together at meeting points (joints) called sutures. The cranium holds and protects the brain in a large space called the cranial vault. The human skull consists of the cranium and the facial bones. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back, and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs. In humans, the axial skeleton serves to protect the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. The skull remains strong to protect the brain from injury. As the skeleton grows older the bones get weaker with the exception of the skull. It is the medial core of the body and connects the pelvis to the body, where the appendix skeleton attaches. The human axial skeleton consists of 81 different bones. This article mainly deals with the axial skeletons of humans however, it is important to understand the evolutionary lineage of the axial skeleton. From Sobotta's atlas of human anatomy 1909.įlat bones house the brain and other vital organs. Shows attachments to pelvis and does not show skull. View from both directions of a axial skeleton cut in half. ![]()
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